Cervical Cancer Screening—Past, Present, and Future
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Cervical cancer screening has undergone a transformation in recent decades. Historically, programs were based on cervical cytology (i.e., “Pap smear”), which had to be repeated often because of its limited sensitivity and reproducibility. In more years, the discovery human papillomavirus (HPV) as necessary cause virtually all cancers led introduction HPV testing into clinical practice, first triage test for minor cytologic abnormalities, then conjunction with (cotesting), most recently, standalone test. Multiple randomized trials have shown that HPV-based higher compared cytology, providing great reassurance against precancer women HPV-negative many years. Analyses also been conducted support U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines show primary achieves greatest balance benefits harms other strategies. An added benefit is ability conduct it from self-collected samples, critical extending coverage among hard-to-reach individuals could provide safe effective alternative in-person visits during COVID-19 pandemic. See related article by Liang et al., p. 474
منابع مشابه
Mizaj past, present and future
Temperament (Mizaj), as an individual factor, has great importance in traditional medicine and its use in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as well as the individual lifestyle is very common. Since medicine moves toward Personalized Medicine, the root of individual differences will find its position in different aspects of medicine in early future. In traditional medicine, temperament is ...
متن کاملTuberculosis: Past, Present and Future
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is the second-most common cause of death from infectious disease (after those due to HIV/AIDS). Roughly one-third of the world's population has been infected with M. tuberculosis, with new infections occurring in about 1% of the population each year. People with active TB can infect 10-15 other people through close contact over the course of a year. Materials and ...
متن کاملTeachers’ Professional Competencies: Past, Present, and Future
Teachers’ Professional Competencies: Past, Present, and Future M. Rezaai, Ph.D.* The purpose of this paper is to review the expected professional competencies throughout the history of teacher training in Iran. As such it covers both the past, covering the period from teacher training inception in 1918 to the Islamic revolution in 1979; and the present, since the revolution. Of course t...
متن کاملRabies in Iran: Past, Present and Future
Introduction : Rabies is a disease that has been known since antiquity. It is a highly fatal acute disease of the central nervous system caused by a lyssavirus. Prior to the discovery of the rabies vaccine, rabies-infected individuals fell victim to the delusions and superstitions associated with this disease. Though it has been neglected in many regions of the world, rabies remains one ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1055-9965', '1538-7755']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1628